![]() The European Union, due to the characteristics of the European industrial base, is highly dependent on imports of raw materials for its competitiveness and for its economic development. Recognising the crucial role that agriculture plays in many developing countries, the EU has granted extensive market access to agricultural imports from developing countries. Europe imports mostly basic agricultural commodities, but its exports are based on high-quality farm products and other processed agricultural products. The EU is the world’s foremost trader in agricultural products. Primary goods belong to three categories of products: agricultural products, raw materials and energy. It is called a FOB value (free on board) for exports and a CIF value (cost, insurance, freight) for imports. to the amount which would be invoiced in case of sale or purchase at the national border of the reporting country. They correspond to the statistical value, i.e. Trade values are expressed in billions (10 9) of euros. For this reason, data on trade with the United Kingdom are not fully comparable with data on trade with other extra-EU trade partners. In practice this means that the goods imported by the EU from the United Kingdom were physically transported from the United Kingdom but part of these goods could have been of other origin than the United Kingdom. Consequently, while imports from any other extra-EU trade partner are grouped by country of origin, the United Kingdom data reflect the country of consignment. ![]() However, the United Kingdom was still part of the internal market until the end of the transitory period (31 December 2020), meaning that data on trade with the United Kingdom are still based on statistical concepts applicable to trade between the EU Member States. The United Kingdom is considered as an extra-EU partner country for the EU for the whole period covered by this article. In other words, the EU is considered as a single trading entity and trade flows are measured into and out of the area, but not among Member States within it the EU. ![]() Statistics on extra-EU trade are calculated as the sum of trade of each of the 27 Member States with countries outside the EU. Because COMEXT is updated on a daily basis, data published on the website may differ from data stored in COMEXT in case of recent revisions.ĮU data are compiled according to community guidelines and may, therefore, differ from national data published by Member States. International trade aggregated and detailed statistics disseminated from Eurostat website are compiled from COMEXT data according to a monthly process. ![]() It provides access not only to both recent and historical data from the EU Member States but also to statistics of a significant number of third countries. COMEXT is the Eurostat reference database for international trade. Sections 0 and 1 are often grouped together as 'food and drink', 2 and 4 as 'raw materials'.ĮU data come from Eurostat’s COMEXT database. animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes (SITC 4).crude materials, excluding fuels (SITC 2).The Standard international trade classification (SITC) distinguishes five main categories (sections) of primary goods: ![]()
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